A.
BODY WEIGHT METHOD (Remember to convert lbs. to kgs.) (p.
1095)
1. Daily maintenance
fluid requirement formula:
0-10 kg 100 mL/kg/day (100 x kg)
11-20 kg 1000 mL (for first 10 kg) + 50 mL/kg/day
for each additional kg between 10- 20 kg
over 20 kg 1500 mL (for first 20 kg) + 20 mL/kg/day
for each additional kg over 20 kg
2. Hourly maintenance
fluid requirements: Divide daily volume by 24 (hours/day)
Examples:
·
Calculate the daily and hourly maintenance fluid requirements
for a child weighing 5 kg.
100 mL x 5 kg = 500 mL / day
500 mL ¸ 24 hours = 20.8
mL / hr
·
Calculate the daily and hourly maintenance fluid requirements
for a child weighing 15 kg.
1000 mL + (50 mL X 5 kg)
= 1000 + 250 =
1250 mL/day
1250 mL ¸ 24 = 52 mL /
hr
·
Calculate the daily and hourly maintenance fluid requirements
for a child weighing 22 kg
1500 mL + (20
mL X 2 kg) = 1500 + 40
= 1540 mL/day
1540 mL ¸ 24 = 64 mL /
hr
B.
BODY SURFACE AREA (BSA) METHOD
1.)
Use a nomogram to find the body surface area (BSA) in meters
squared (M2). (p. 996); plot height and weight in appropriate columns,
draw imaginary line between, intersection point is M2
2.)
Maintenance Fluids = 1500- 2000 mL/ M2/day
Fluid Restriction = 1200 – 1500 mL/ M2/day
Examples:
·
Calculate the maintenance fluid requirements for a child whose
BSA is 0.8 M2.
1500 mL X 0.8
= 1200 mL/day 1200 ¸ 24 = 50 mL /
hr
2000 mL X 0.8 = 1600 mL/day
1600 ¸ 24 = 66 mL / hr
·
Calculate the fluid restriction volumes for a child whose BSA
is 0.8 M2.
1200 mL X 0.8 = 960 mL/day
960 ¸ 24 = 40 mL / hr
1500 mL X 0.8 = 1200 mL/day
1200 ¸ 24 = 50 mL /
hr
C. OUTPUT CALCULATION
1.
Convert grams to mL (1 gram = 1 mL)
2.
Normal output: 1-3 cc/kg/hr,
3.
Divide total output volume by weight and hours
Example:
·
Calculate the cc/kg/hr for a 5-kg infant who had the following
output over the past 8 hours: 33g, 27g and 30 g diapers. Scale zeroed with dry
diaper.
33 + 27 + 30 = 90 mL total 90 mL ¸ 8
hours = 11.25 mL/hr 11.25
¸ 5 kg = 2.25
mL/kg/hr
Output is within normal range