(fragmental)                              biochemical

(detrital)                                       sediments

Cataclastic                     Hybrid sediments                  organic residues

till, tillite                      and rocks                                 coal, etc.

(glacial)                              calcareous (CaCO3)

                                            shale

Pyroclastic                     carbonaceous (C)

Tuff, ash                             shale

(volcanics)

                                                                    Precipitated

Residues                                                     sediments and

"soils"                                                      rocks

Epiclastic                     non                             evaporites

sediments                  evaporites

washed

residues                          limestones                      halite

8%                                     dolomites                      gypsum

phosphorites                         anhydrate

chert

iron-bearing

sediments

 

coarse                              fine

(resistates)                     (hydrolysates)

Conglomerates              shale (siltstone)

Sandstones                      81% of

11% of                               sedimentary

sedimentary                      rocks

rocks

1. Mineral species and grain size (Wentworth Scale)

60% Feldspars

plagioclase

orthoclase

15% Quartz

calcite (CaCO3)

rock fragments

mica

hornblende

2. Texture - relationship of grains to one another

A. Contacts

1. Floating                                 Diagenesis

increasing

compaction

compression

cementation

2. Point

3. Long

4. Concave - Convex

5. Sutured

Metamorphism

a. Angular

 

 

b. Sub-angular

 

 

c. Sub-rounded

 

 

d. Rounded

4. Sorting - scatter of grains within a sediment or sedimentary rock

well sorted - small range in grain sizes

poorly sorted - wide range in grain sizes

                                                            Immature                                 Mature

Sorting                                         wide range of                              small range of

                                                        sizes - dirty                              sizes - clean

Rounding                                  angular to                             sub-rounded to

   sub-angular                                  rounded

Mineral                                       least resistant                            more resistant

Composition                             plagioclase                                    quartz, chert

clays, mica                                  k-feldspars

                                                    olivine,                                              pyroxene

Texture                                      floating point                              long, concave-

convex, sutured

Statistics